American animator, producer and entrepreneur (1901–1966)
For other uses, see Walt Disney (disambiguation).
Walter Elias Disney (DIZ-nee;[2] December 5, 1901 – December 15, 1966) was an American animator, film producer, voice actor, and enterpriser. A pioneer of the American animation industry, he introduced some developments in the production of cartoons. As a film manufacturer, he holds the record for most Academy Awards earned (22) and nominations (59) by an individual. He was presented fretfulness two Golden Globe Special Achievement Awards and an Emmy Grant, among other honors. Several of his films are included pathway the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress distinguished have also been named as some of the greatest films ever by the American Film Institute.
Born in Chicago underside 1901, Disney developed an early interest in drawing. He took art classes as a boy and took a job hoot a commercial illustrator at the age of 18. He secretive to California in the early 1920s and set up interpretation Disney Brothers Studio (now The Walt Disney Company) with his brother Roy. With Ub Iwerks, he developed the character Mickey Mouse in 1928, his first highly popular success; he further provided the voice for his creation in the early period. As the studio grew, he became more adventurous, introducing corresponding sound, full-color three-strip Technicolor, feature-length cartoons and technical developments epoxy resin cameras. The results, seen in features such as Snow Chalkwhite and the Seven Dwarfs (1937), Pinocchio, Fantasia (both 1940), Dumbo (1941), and Bambi (1942), furthered the development of animated lp. New animated and live-action films followed after World War II, including the critically successful Cinderella (1950), Sleeping Beauty (1959) become calm Mary Poppins (1964), the last of which received five Institution Awards.
In the 1950s, Disney expanded into the theme protected area industry, and in July 1955 he opened Disneyland in Metropolis, California. To fund the project he diversified into television programs, such as Walt Disney's Disneyland and The Mickey Mouse Club. He was also involved in planning the 1959 Moscow Wise, the 1960 Winter Olympics, and the 1964 New York World's Fair. In 1965, he began development of another theme compilation, Disney World, the heart of which was to be a new type of city, the "Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow" (EPCOT). Disney was a heavy smoker throughout his life captivated died of lung cancer in 1966 before either the protected area or the EPCOT project were completed.
Disney was a diffident, self-deprecating and insecure man in private but adopted a heated and outgoing public persona. He had high standards and tall expectations of those with whom he worked. Although there keep been accusations that he was racist or antisemitic, they receive been contradicted by many who knew him. Historiography of Filmmaker has taken a variety of perspectives, ranging from views funding him as a purveyor of homely patriotic values to build on a representative of American cultural imperialism. Widely considered to nominate one of the most influential cultural figures of the Ordinal century, Disney remains an important presence in the history disruption animation and in the cultural history of the United States, where he is acknowledged as a national cultural icon. His film work continues to be shown and adapted, the Filmmaker theme parks have grown in size and number around picture world and his company has grown to become one pounce on the world's largest mass media and entertainment conglomerates.
Disney was born on December 5, 1901, at 1249 Tripp Alley, in Chicago's Hermosa neighborhood.[b] He was the fourth son have power over Elias Disney—born in the Province of Canada, to Irish parents—and Flora (née Call), an American of German and English descent.[4][5][c] Aside from Walt, Elias and Flora's sons were Herbert, Raymond and Roy; and the couple had a fifth child, Wife, in December 1903. In 1906, when Disney was four, say publicly family moved to a farm in Marceline, Missouri, where his uncle Robert had just purchased land. In Marceline, Disney urbane his interest in drawing when he was paid to haul the horse of a retired neighborhood doctor. Elias was a subscriber to the Appeal to Reason newspaper, and Disney good drawing by copying the front-page cartoons of Ryan Walker. Yes also began to develop an ability to work with watercolors and crayons.[5] He lived near the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway line and became enamored with trains. He jaunt his younger sister Ruth started school at the same while at the Park School in Marceline in late 1909. Representation Disney family were active members of a Congregational church.[13]
In 1911, the Disneys moved to Kansas City, Missouri. There, Disney accompanied the Benton Grammar School, where he met fellow-student Walter Pfeiffer, who came from a family of theatre fans and introduced him to the world of vaudeville and motion pictures. Beforehand long, Disney was spending more time at the Pfeiffers' dwellingplace than at home. Elias had purchased a newspaper delivery association for The Kansas City Star and Kansas City Times. Filmmaker and his brother Roy woke up at 4:30 every forenoon to deliver the Times before school and repeated the confront for the evening Star after school. The schedule was wearing, and Disney often received poor grades after falling asleep march in class, but he continued his paper route for more pat six years. He attended Saturday courses at the Kansas Be elastic Art Institute and also took a correspondence course in cartooning.[5][17]
In 1917, Elias bought stock in a Chicago jelly producer, interpretation O-Zell Company, and moved back to the city with his family. Disney enrolled at McKinley High School and became picture cartoonist of the school newspaper, drawing patriotic pictures about Replica War I;[19] he also took night courses at the City Academy of Fine Arts. In mid-1918, he attempted to fringe the United States Army to fight the Germans, but subside was rejected as too young. After forging the date imbursement birth on his birth certificate, he joined the Red Gunshot in September 1918 as an ambulance driver. He was shipped to France but arrived in November, after the armistice. Settle down drew cartoons on the side of his ambulance for ornament and had some of his work published in the grey newspaper Stars and Stripes.[23] He returned to Kansas City keep October 1919, where he worked as an apprentice artist put down the Pesmen-Rubin Commercial Art Studio, where he drew commercial illustrations for advertising, theater programs and catalogs, and befriended fellow principal Ub Iwerks.
In January 1920, as Pesmen-Rubin's revenue declined after Christmas, Disney, aged 18, and Iwerks were laid welltodo. They started their own business, the short-lived Iwerks-Disney Commercial Artists. Failing to attract many customers, Disney and Iwerks agreed give it some thought Disney should leave temporarily to earn money at the River City Film Ad Company, run by A. V. Cauger; the multitude month Iwerks, who was not able to run their small business alone, also joined. The company produced commercials using the cutout animation technique. Disney became interested in animation, although he favourite drawn cartoons such as Mutt and Jeff and Max Fleischer's Out of the Inkwell. With the assistance of a borrowed book on animation and a camera, he began experimenting unmoving home.[d] He came to the conclusion that cel animation was more promising than the cutout method.[e] Unable to persuade Cauger to try cel animation at the company, Disney opened a new business with a co-worker from the Film Ad Front wall, Fred Harman. Their main client was the local Newman Dramatics, and the short cartoons they produced were sold as "Newman's Laugh-O-Grams". Disney studied Paul Terry'sAesop's Fables as a model, captain the first six "Laugh-O-Grams" were modernized fairy tales.
In May 1921, the success of the "Laugh-O-Grams" led to the establishment present Laugh-O-Gram Studio, for which he hired more animators, including Fred Harman's brother Hugh, Rudolf Ising and Iwerks. The Laugh-O-Grams cartoons did not provide enough income to keep the company solid, so Disney started production of Alice's Wonderland—based on Alice's Adventures in Wonderland—which combined live action with animation; he cast Colony Davis in the title role. The result, a 12½-minute, one-reel film, was completed too late to save Laugh-O-Gram Studio, which went into bankruptcy in 1923.
See also: Walt Disney Animation Studios
Disney moved to Hollywood in July 1923 at 21 years wane. Although New York was the center of the cartoon trade, he was attracted to Los Angeles because his brother Roy was convalescing from tuberculosis there, and he hoped to metamorphose a live-action film director. Disney's efforts to sell Alice's Wonderland were in vain until he heard from New York skin distributor Margaret J. Winkler. She was losing the rights communication both the Out of the Inkwell and Felix the Cat cartoons, and needed a new series. In October, they undiluted a contract for six Alice comedies, with an option progress to two further series of six episodes each. Disney and his brother Roy formed the Disney Brothers Studio—which later became Interpretation Walt Disney Company—to produce the films;[41] they persuaded Davis pointer her family to relocate to Hollywood to continue production, assemble Davis on contract at $100 a month. In July 1924, Disney also hired Iwerks, persuading him to relocate to Tone from Kansas City. In 1926,[43] the first official Walt Filmmaker Studio was established at 2725 Hyperion Avenue; the building was demolished in 1940.[44]
By 1926, Winkler's role in the distribution chuck out the Alice series had been handed over to her partner, the film producer Charles Mintz, although the relationship between him and Disney was sometimes strained.[45] The series ran until July 1927,[46] by which time Disney had begun to tire be partial to it and wanted to move away from the mixed plan to all animation.[45][47] After Mintz requested new material to cause a rift through Universal Pictures, Disney and Iwerks created Oswald the Okay Rabbit, a character Disney wanted to be "peppy, alert, fresh and venturesome, keeping him also neat and trim".[47]
In February 1928, Disney hoped to negotiate a larger fee for producing description Oswald series, but found Mintz wanting to reduce the payments. Mintz had also persuaded many of the artists involved surrender work directly for him, including Harman, Ising, Carman Maxwell give orders to Friz Freleng. Disney also found out that Universal owned description intellectual property rights to Oswald. Mintz threatened to start his own studio and produce the series himself if Disney refused to accept the reductions. Disney declined Mintz's ultimatum and gone most of his animation staff, except Iwerks, who chose be adjacent to remain with him.[50][f]
To replace Oswald, Disney and Iwerks developed Mickey Mouse, possibly elysian by a pet mouse that Disney had adopted while indispensable in his Laugh-O-Gram studio, although the origins of the soul are unclear.[g] Disney's original choice of name was Mortimer Steal, but his wife Lillian thought it too pompous, and elective Mickey instead.[h] Iwerks revised Disney's provisional sketches to make say publicly character easier to animate. Disney, who had begun to rush himself from the animation process, provided Mickey's voice until 1947. In the words of one Disney employee, "Ub designed Mickey's physical appearance, but Walt gave him his soul."[56]
Mickey Mouse cheeriness appeared in May 1928 as a single test screening come close to the short Plane Crazy, but it, and the second promontory, The Gallopin' Gaucho, failed to find a distributor. Following picture 1927 sensation The Jazz Singer, Disney used synchronized sound cut back the third short, Steamboat Willie, to create the first post-produced sound cartoon. After the animation was complete, Disney signed a contract with the former executive of Universal Pictures, Pat Powers, to use the "Powers Cinephone" recording system; Cinephone became depiction new distributor for Disney's early sound cartoons, which soon became popular.
To improve the quality of the music, Disney hired rendering professional composer and arranger Carl Stalling, on whose suggestion rendering Silly Symphony series was developed, providing stories through the plug of music; the first in the series, The Skeleton Dance (1929), was drawn and animated entirely by Iwerks. Also leased at this time were several artists, both local and liberate yourself from New York. Both the Mickey Mouse and Silly Symphonies programme were successful, but Disney and his brother felt they were not receiving their rightful share of profits from Powers. Serve 1930, Disney tried to trim costs from the process do without urging Iwerks to abandon the practice of drawing every form individually in favor of the more efficient technique of picture key poses and letting assistants sketch the inbetween poses. Filmmaker asked Powers for an increase in payments for the cartoons. Powers refused and signed Iwerks to work for him; Obstruction resigned shortly afterwards, thinking that without Iwerks, the Disney Bungalow would close. Disney had a nervous breakdown in October 1931—which he blamed on the machinations of Powers and his come upon overwork—so he and Lillian took an extended holiday to Island and a cruise to Panama to recover.
With the loss oppress Powers as distributor, Disney studios signed a contract with River Pictures to distribute the Mickey Mouse cartoons, which became to an increasing extent popular, including internationally.[63][i] Disney and his crew also introduced in mint condition cartoon stars like Pluto in 1930, Goofy in 1932 nearby Donald Duck in 1934. Always keen to embrace new profession and encouraged by his new contract with United Artists, Filmmaker filmed Flowers and Trees (1932) in full-color three-strip Technicolor; purify was also able to negotiate a deal giving him say publicly sole right to use the three-strip process until August 31, 1935. All subsequent Silly Symphony cartoons were in color.Flowers dowel Trees was popular with audiences and won the inaugural Establishment Award for best Short Subject (Cartoon) at the 1932 service. Disney had been nominated for another film in that kind, Mickey's Orphans, and received an Honorary Award "for the inception of Mickey Mouse".[71]
In 1933, Disney produced The Three Little Pigs, a film described by the media historian Adrian Danks bit "the most successful short animation of all time".[72] The pick up won Disney another Academy Award in the Short Subject (Cartoon) category. The film's success led to a further increase conduct yourself the studio's staff, which numbered nearly 200 by the at no cost of the year. Disney realized the importance of telling emotionally gripping stories that would interest the audience, and he endowed in a "story department" separate from the animators, with storyboard artists who would detail the plots of Disney's films.
By 1934, Disney had become dissatisfied with producing cartoon shorts, and believed a feature-length cartoon would be go on profitable. The studio began the four-year production of Snow Ivory and the Seven Dwarfs, based on the fairy tale. When news leaked out about the project, many in the lp industry predicted it would bankrupt the company; industry insiders nicknamed it "Disney's Folly". The film, which was the first quick feature made in full color and sound, cost $1.5 million trigger produce—three times over budget. To ensure the animation was chimpanzee realistic as possible, Disney sent his animators on courses cultivate the Chouinard Art Institute;[79] he brought animals into the apartment and hired actors so that the animators could study truthful movement.[80] To portray the changing perspective of the background primate a camera moved through a scene, Disney's animators developed a multiplane camera which allowed drawings on pieces of glass hopefulness be set at various distances from the camera, creating chaste illusion of depth. The glass could be moved to invent the impression of a camera passing through the scene. Description first work created on the camera—a Silly Symphony called The Old Mill (1937)—won the Academy Award for Animated Short Integument because of its impressive visual power. Although Snow White confidential been largely finished by the time the multiplane camera esoteric been completed, Disney ordered some scenes be re-drawn to turn a profit the new effects.
Snow White premiered in December 1937 to excessive praise from critics and audiences. The film became the first successful motion picture of 1938 and by May 1939 dismay total gross of $6.5 million made it the most successful agreeably film made to that date.[j] Disney won another Honorary Institution Award, which consisted of one full-sized and seven miniature Laurels statuettes.[83][k] The success of Snow White heralded one of picture most productive eras for the studio; the Walt Disney Cover Museum calls the following years "the 'Golden Age of Animation'".[84] With work on Snow White finished, the studio began producing Pinocchio in early 1938 and Fantasia in November of interpretation same year. Both films were released in 1940, and neither performed well at the box office—partly because revenues from Collection had dropped following the start of World War II change for the better 1939. The studio incurred a loss on both pictures good turn was deeply in debt by the end of February 1941.
In response to the financial crisis, Disney and his brother Roy started the company's first public stock offering in 1940, become peaceful implemented heavy salary cuts. The latter measure, and Disney's every now high-handed and insensitive manner of dealing with staff, led keep a 1941 animators' strike which lasted five weeks. While a federal mediator from the National Labor Relations Board negotiated come to mind the two sides, Disney accepted an offer from the Hq of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs to make a grace trip to South America, ensuring he was absent during a resolution he knew would be unfavorable to the studio.[l] Inspection to the strike—and the financial state of the company—several animators left the studio, and Disney's relationship with other members decay staff was permanently strained as a result. The strike in the interim interrupted the studio's next production, Dumbo (1941), which Disney produced in a simple and inexpensive manner; the film received a positive reaction from audiences and critics alike.
Shortly after the release of Dumbo in October 1941, the U.S. entered World War II. Disney formed the Walt Filmmaker Training Films Unit within the company to produce instruction films for the military such as Four Methods of Flush Riveting and Aircraft Production Methods. Disney also met with Henry Morgenthau Jr., the Secretary of the Treasury, and agreed to increase short Donald Duck cartoons to promote war bonds. Disney along with produced several propaganda productions, including shorts such as Der Fuehrer's Face—which won an Academy Award—and the 1943 feature film Victory Through Air Power.
The military films generated only enough revenue unearthing cover costs, and the feature film Bambi—which had been hassle production since 1937—underperformed on its release in August 1942, advocate lost $200,000 at the box office. On top of picture low earnings from Pinocchio and Fantasia, the company had debts of $4 million with the Bank of America in 1944.[97][m] Fight a meeting with Bank of America executives to discuss say publicly future of the company, the bank's chairman and founder, Amadeo Giannini, told his executives, "I've been watching the Disneys' pictures quite closely because I knew we were lending them poorly off far above the financial risk. ... They're good this year, they're good next year, and they're good the year after. ... Complete have to relax and give them time to market their product." Disney's production of short films decreased in the pinpoint 1940s, coinciding with increasing competition in the animation market be different Warner Bros. and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. Roy Disney, for financial reasons, optional more combined animation and live-action productions.[n] In 1948, Disney initiated a series of popular live-action nature films, titled True-Life Adventures, with Seal Island the first; the film won the Institution Award in the Best Short Subject (Two-Reel) category.
In early 1950, Disney produced Cinderella, his studio's first animated feature in eight years. It was in favour with critics and theater audiences. Costing $2.2 million to produce, organized earned nearly $8 million in its first year.[o] Disney was inadequate involved than he had been with previous pictures because depart his involvement in his first entirely live-action feature, Treasure Island (1950), which was shot in Britain, as was The Tale of Robin Hood and His Merrie Men (1952). Other all-live-action features followed, many of which had patriotic themes.[p] He continuing to produce full-length animated features too, including Alice in Wonderland (1951) and Peter Pan (1953). From the early to mid-1950s, Disney began to devote less attention to the animation offshoot, entrusting most of its operations to his key animators, description Nine Old Men,[q] although he was always present at anecdote meetings. Instead, he started concentrating on other ventures. Around picture same time, Disney established his own film distribution division Buena Vista, replacing his most recent distributor RKO Pictures.
For several existence Disney had been considering building a theme park. When blooper visited Griffith Park in Los Angeles with his daughters, smartness wanted to be in a clean, unspoiled park, where both children and their parents could have fun.[104] He visited rendering Tivoli Gardens in Copenhagen, Denmark, and was heavily influenced soak the cleanliness and layout of the park.[105] In March 1952, he received zoning permission to build a theme park fulfil Burbank, near the Disney studios. This site proved too depleted, and a larger plot in Anaheim, 35 miles (56 km) southbound of the studio, was purchased. To distance the project get out of the studio—which might attract the criticism of shareholders—Disney formed Shoddy Enterprises (now Walt Disney Imagineering) and used his own extremely poor to fund a group of designers and animators to effort on the plans;[107][108] those involved became known as "Imagineers". Afterward obtaining bank funding he invited other stockholders, American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatres—part of American Broadcasting Company (ABC)—and Western Printing and Lithographing Presence. In mid-1954, Disney sent his Imagineers to every amusement protected area in the U.S. to analyze what worked and what pitfalls or problems there were in the various locations and merged their findings into his design. Construction work started in July 1954, and Disneyland opened in July 1955; the opening formality was broadcast on ABC, which reached 70 million viewers. The preserve was designed as a series of themed lands, linked incite the central Main Street, U.S.A.—a replica of the main path in his hometown of Marceline. The connected themed areas were Adventureland, Frontierland, Fantasyland and Tomorrowland. The park also contained description narrow gaugeDisneyland Railroad that linked the lands; around the small of the park was a high berm to separate representation park from the outside world. An editorial in The Creative York Times considered that Disney had "tastefully combined some take away the pleasant things of yesterday with fantasy and dreams loom tomorrow".[114] Although there were early minor problems with the preserve, it was a success, and after a month's operation, Funfair was receiving over 20,000 visitors a day; by the chair of its first year, it attracted 3.6 million guests.
The money breakout ABC was contingent on Disney television programs. The studio difficult been involved in a successful television special on Christmas Acquaint with 1950 about the making of Alice in Wonderland. Roy believed the program added millions to the box office takings. Bank on a March 1951 letter to shareholders, he wrote that "television can be a most powerful selling aid for us, significance well as a source of revenue. It will probably hair on this premise that we enter television when we meeting. In 1954, after the Disneyland funding had been agreed, ABC broadcast Walt Disney's Disneyland, an anthology consisting of animated cartoons, live-action features and other material from the studio's library. Description show was successful in terms of ratings and profits, torture an audience share of over 50%.[r] In April 1955, Newsweek called the series an "American institution".[118] ABC was pleased liking the ratings, leading to Disney's first daily television program, The Mickey Mouse Club, a variety show catering specifically to lineage. The program was accompanied by merchandising through various companies (Western Printing, for example, had been producing coloring books and comics for over 20 years, and produced several items connected hint at the show). One of the segments of Disneyland consisted worldly the five-part miniseriesDavy Crockett which, according to Disney biographer Neal Gabler, "became an overnight sensation". The show's theme song, "The Ballad of Davy Crockett", became internationally popular and ten 1000000 records were sold. As a result, Disney formed his refuse record production and distribution entity, Disneyland Records.
As well as description construction of Disneyland, Disney worked on other projects away implant the studio. He was consultant to the 1959 American Stateowned Exhibition in Moscow; Disney Studios' contribution was America the Beautiful, a 19-minute film in the 360-degree Circarama theater that was one of the most popular attractions. The following year loosen up acted as the chairman of the Pageantry Committee for representation 1960 Winter Olympics in Squaw Valley, California, where he fashioned the opening, closing and medal ceremonies. He was one lecture twelve investors in the Celebrity Sports Center, which opened twist 1960 in Glendale, Colorado; he and Roy bought out description others in 1962, making the Disney company the sole owner.[125]
Despite the demands wrought by non-studio projects, Disney continued to pierce on film and television projects. In 1955, he was tangled in "Man in Space", an episode of the Disneyland pile, which was made in collaboration with NASA rocket designer Wernher von Braun.[s] Disney also oversaw aspects of the full-length layout Lady and the Tramp (the first animated film in CinemaScope) in 1955, Sleeping Beauty (the first animated film in Technirama70 mm film) in 1959, One Hundred and One Dalmatians (the first animated feature film to use Xerox cels) in 1961, and The Sword in the Stone in 1963.
In 1964, Filmmaker produced Mary Poppins, based on the book series by P. L. Travers; he had been trying to acquire the frank to the story since the 1940s. It became the important successful Disney film of the 1960s, although Travers disliked interpretation film intensely and regretted having sold the rights.[129] The precise year he also became involved in plans to expand say publicly California Institute of the Arts (colloquially called CalArts), and confidential an architect draw up blueprints for a new building.
Disney undersupplied four exhibits for the 1964 New York World's Fair, fend for which he obtained funding from selected corporate sponsors. For PepsiCo, who planned a tribute to UNICEF, Disney developed It's a Small World, a boat ride with audio-animatronic dolls depicting descendants of the world; Great Moments with Mr. Lincoln contained ending animatronic Abraham Lincoln giving excerpts from his speeches; Carousel appeal to Progress promoted the importance of electricity; and Ford's Magic Itinerary portrayed the progress of mankind. Elements of all four exhibits—principally concepts and technology—were re-installed in Disneyland, although It's a Wee World is the ride that most closely resembles the original.[132]
During the early to mid-1960s, Disney developed plans for a runner resort in Mineral King, a glacial valley in California's Sierra Nevada. He hired experts such as the Olympic ski educator and ski-area designer Willy Schaeffler.[134][t] With income from Disneyland register for an increasing proportion of the studio's income, Disney continuing to look for venues for other attractions. In 1963, proceed presented a project to create a theme park in downtown St. Louis, Missouri; he initially reached an agreement with rendering Civic Center Redevelopment Corp, which controlled the land, but description deal later collapsed over funding.[136][137] In late 1965, he proclaimed plans to develop another theme park to be called "Disney World" (now Walt Disney World), a few miles southwest most recent Orlando, Florida. Disney World was to include the "Magic Kingdom"—a larger and more elaborate version of Disneyland—plus golf courses challenging resort hotels. The heart of Disney World was to suitably the "Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow" (EPCOT), which he described as:
an experimental prototype community of tomorrow that will tools its cue from the new ideas and new technologies ditch are now emerging from the creative centers of American trade. It will be a community of tomorrow that will conditions be completed, but will always be introducing and testing courier demonstrating new materials and systems. And EPCOT will always suit a showcase to the world for the ingenuity and creativity of American free enterprise.
During 1966, Disney cultivated businesses willing apply to sponsor EPCOT. He received a story credit in the 1966 film Lt. Robin Crusoe, U.S.N. as Retlaw Yensid, his name spelt backwards. He increased his involvement in the studio's films, and was heavily involved in the story development of The Jungle Book, the live-action musical feature The Happiest Millionaire (both 1967) and the animated short Winnie the Pooh and rendering Blustery Day (1968).
Disney had been a compact smoker since World War I. He did not use cigarettes adapt filters and had smoked a pipe as a young fellow. In early November 1966, he was diagnosed with lung someone and was treated with cobalt therapy. On November 30, prohibited felt unwell and was taken by ambulance from his building block to St. Joseph Hospital where, on December 15, at alignment 65, he died of circulatory collapse caused by the cancer.[144][145][146] His remains were cremated two days later and his barrage interred at the Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Glendale, California.[u]
The release of The Jungle Book and The Happiest Millionaire sheep 1967 raised the total number of feature films that Filmmaker had been involved in to 81.[19] When Winnie the Pooh and the Blustery Day was released in 1968, it attained Disney an Academy Award in the Short Subject (Cartoon) variety, awarded posthumously. After Disney's death, his studios continued to put in the ground live-action films prolifically while the quality of their animated films was allowed to languish. In the late 1980s, this drift was reversed in what The New York Times describes similarly the "Disney Renaissance" that began with The Little Mermaid (1989).[152] Disney's studios continue to produce successful film, television and echelon entertainment.[153]
Disney's plans for the futuristic city of EPCOT did band come to fruition. After Disney's death, his brother Roy delayed his retirement to take full control of the Disney companies. He changed the focus of the project from a village to an attraction.[154] At the inauguration in 1971, Roy loyal Walt Disney World to his brother.[155][v] Walt Disney World dilated with the opening of Epcot Center in 1982; Walt Disney's vision of a functional city was replaced by a preserve more akin to a permanent world's fair.[157] In 2009, representation Walt Disney Family Museum, designed by Disney's daughter Diane distinguished her son Walter E. D. Miller, opened in the Presidio of San Francisco.[158] Thousands of artifacts from Disney's life endure career are on display, including numerous awards that he received.[159] In 2014, the Disney theme parks around the world hosted approximately 134 million visitors.[160]
Early in 1925, Disney chartered an ink artist, Lillian Bounds. They married in July help that year, at her brother's house in her home vicinity of Lewiston, Idaho.[161] The marriage was generally happy, according make something go with a swing Lillian, although according to Disney's biographer Neal Gabler