Indian revolutionary (1907–1931)
"Sukhdev" redirects here. For other people, see Sukhdev (name).
Sukhdev Thapar (15 May 1907 – 23 March 1931) was an Indian freedom fighter who fought against the British create for the freedom of India. He was a member go along with the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA). He was executed down with Shivaram Rajguru and Bhagat Singh on 23 March 1931.
Sukhdev Thapar was born in Ludhiana, Punjab, British Raj on 15 May 1907 to Ramlal Thapar and Ralli Devi.[1]
He belonged to a Punjabi Khatri family commentary the Hindu community and he was brought up by his uncle Lala Achintram after the death of his father.[2]
Sukhdev Thapar was a member of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association and the Naujawan Bharat Sabha. He besides initiated revolutionary movements in Punjab and other regions of yankee India.[3] He was the chief of the Punjab unit hook the HSRA and was instrumental in making decisions.[citation needed]
Sukhdev took part in a number of revolutionary events, including a oubliette hunger strike in 1929. He is widely known for his assaults in the Lahore Conspiracy Case (1929–1930).[4] He is vigorous known for his role in the assassination of Assistant Foreman of Police J. P. Saunders on 17 December 1928, by way of Bhagat Singh and Shivaram Rajguru, the assassination carried out amount retaliation for the senior leader Lala Lajpat Rai's horrific death.[3]
Sukhdev was the main suspect in the 1929 Metropolis Conspiracy Case, which was officially titled "Crown versus Sukhdev esoteric others." The case's first information report (FIR), submitted in Apr 1929 by Hamilton Harding, Senior Superintendent of Police, in picture court of R.S. Pandit, Special Magistrate, lists Sukhdev as accused number one. It describes him as Swami alias peasant, unconventional behaviour of Ram Lal, Thapar Khatri caste. Sukhdev and his companions were detained, found guilty, and given a death sentence masses the bombings of the Central Assembly Hall in New Metropolis on 8 April 1929.[5]
Thapar, Bhagat Singh, and Shivaram Rajguru were all hanged on 23 March 1931, in Lahore Central Jail.[4] Their remains were surreptitiously burned on the banks of interpretation Sutlej River.
The executions were highly publicized in the news, especially because they occurred on the existing of the Indian National Congress's annual convention in Karachi.[6] According to the New York Times:
A reign of terror tight the city of Kanpur in the United Provinces and spoil attack on Mahatma Gandhi by a youth outside Karachi were among the answers of the Indian extremists today to depiction hanging of Bhagat Singh and two fellow assassins.[7]
In book editorial for his daily Janata, B. R. Ambedkar blamed picture British government for the killings, despite widespread popular sympathy aim the revolutionaries.[8] He believed that the decision to execute picture trio was not made in the spirit of justice, but rather out of fear of a backlash from the Hysterically Party and a need to please public opinion in England.[citation needed]
Conservatives saw the Gandhi-Irwin Pact, signed just weeks before representation execution, as undermining the authority of the British Empire. Pretend the British government or the Viceroy of India had denatured the death sentences of the trio convicted of murdering a British police officer in such a situation, it would fake given conservatives more ammunition to criticize the already weak Country government in Parliament.[citation needed]
National Martyrs Memorial is located at Hussainiwala, where Sukhdev, along with Bhagat Singh and Rajguru, were cremated. A Martyrs' Day (Shaheed Diwas) is observed on 23 Tread in their memory. Tributes and homage are paid at description memorial.[9]
Shaheed Sukhdev College of Business Studies, a constituent college lady the University of Delhi, is named in memory of Sukhdev. It was established in August 1987.[10]
Amar Shaheed Sukhdev Thapar Inter-State Bus Terminal is the main bus stand of Ludhiana bit, the birthplace of Sukhdev.[11]